None of the diagrams were able to be copied onto the blog - so you will have to refer back to your copy on My Uni for the pics.
SECTION A Each question is worth 1 mark
SECTION A Each question is worth 1 mark
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS – circle the correct answer
1. What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?
A tropomyosin is the name of a contracting unit.
B tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin binding sites on the actin molecules.
C tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the actin binding sites on the myosin molecules.
D tropomyosin is the receptor for the motor neuron neurotransmitter.
2. Which muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate?
A skeletal
B cardiac
C smooth
D no muscle can regenerate
3. What structure in skeletal muscle cells functions in calcium storage?
A sarcoplasmic reticulum
B mitochondria
C intermediate filament network
D myofibrillar network
4. What does oxygen deficit represent?
A amount of energy needed for exertion
B the difference between the amount of oxygen needed for totally aerobic muscle activity and the amount actually used
C the amount of oxygen taken into the body prior to the exertion
D the amount of oxygen taken into the body immediately after the exertion
5. The major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction is to .
A make and store phosphocreatine
B synthesize actin and myosin myofilaments
C provide a source of myosin for the contraction process
D regulate intracellular calcium concentration
6. What produces the striations of a skeletal muscle cell?
A a difference in the thickness of the sarcolemma
B the arrangement of myofilaments
C the sarcoplasmic reticulum
D the T tubules
7. Which of the following are composed of myosin?
A thick filaments
B thin filaments
C all myofilaments
D Z discs
8. During muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges attach to which active sites?
A myosin filaments
B actin filaments
C Z discs
D thick filaments
9. Rigor mortis occurs because .
A the cells are dead
B sodium ions leak out of the muscle
C no ATP is available to release attached actin and myosin molecules
D proteins are beginning to break down, thus preventing a flow of calcium ions
10. The term aponeurosis refers to .
A the bands of myofibrils
B a sheet-like indirect attachment to a skeletal element
C the rough endoplasmic reticulum
D the tropomyosin-troponin complex
11 The structure of bone tissue suits the function. Which of the following bone tissues is adapted to support weight and withstand tension stress?
A spongy bone
B irregular bone
C compact bone
D trabecular bone
12. Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of ________.
A fat
B blood-forming cells
C elastic tissue
D Sharpey's fibers
13. What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo?
A elastic connective tissue
B dense fibrous connective tissue
C fibrocartilage
D hyaline cartilage
14. Which structure allows the diaphysis of the bone to increase in length until early childhood, as well as shaping the articular surfaces?
A lacunae
B Haversian system
C epiphyseal plate
D epiphyseal line
15. The periosteum is secured to the underlying bone by dense connective tissue called:
A Volkmann's canals
B a bony matrix with hyaline cartilage
C perforating (Sharpey's) fibers
D the struts of bone known as spicules
16. Wolff's law is concerned with ________.
A vertical growth of bones being dependent on age
B the thickness and shape of a bone being dependent on stresses placed upon it
C the function of bone being dependent on shape
D the diameter of the bone being dependent on the ratio of osteoblasts to osteoclasts
17. Spongy bone is made up of a framework called ________.
A osteons
B lamellar bone
C trabeculae
D osseous lamellae
18. Which muscle can be made more prominent by turning the patient’s head to the side?
A Masseter
B Trapezius
C Platysma
D Sternocleidomastoid
19. Which of the following muscles in a prime mover in depression (opening) of the mandible?
A Stylohyoid
B Medial Pterygoid
C Trapezius
D Mylohyoid
20. Which of the following ligaments is not associated with the TMJ?
A Temporomandibular Ligament
B Stylohyoid Ligament
C Stylomandibular Ligament
D Sphenomandibular Ligament.
21. Which of the following muscles in a prime mover in lateral movement of the mandible?
A Buccinator
B Medial Pterygoid
C Lateral Pterygoid
D Masseter.
22. Which of the following muscles, when contacted, raises the lower lip, making scaling in the lower mandibular areas very difficult?
A Mentalis
B Orbicularis Oculi
C Geniohyoid
D Mylohyoid.
23. Which anatomical feature of the TMJ secretes synovial fluid?
A Condyle
B Articular Disc
C) Synovial membrane lining the joint capsule
D) Articular cartilage
24. Which of the following muscle groups are the most highly toned?
A Facial Expression
B Hyoid groups
C Mastication
D Cervial (neck)
25. Which of the following muscles forms the floor of the oral cavity?
A Buccinator
B Orbicularis Oculi
C Depressor Labii Inferioris
D Mylohyoid.
True/False Questions - clearly circle either TRUE or FALSE to indicate your answer
26. Hematopoiesis refers to the formation of blood cells within the red marrow cavities of certain bones. TRUE/FALSE
27. Compact bone is replaced more often than spongy bone. TRUE/FALSE
28. Bones are classified by whether they are weight bearing or protective in function.
TRUE/FALSE
29. The periosteum is a tissue that serves only to protect the bone because it is not supplied with nerves or blood vessels. TRUE/FALSE
30. Short, irregular, and flat bones have large marrow cavities in order to keep the weight of the bones light. TRUE/FALSE
31. The term osteoid refers to the organic part of the matrix of compact bones.
TRUE/FALSE
32. In infants, the medullary cavity and all areas of spongy bone contain yellow bone marrow. TRUE/FALSE
33. Sixty-five percent of the mass of bone is a compound called hydroxyapatite.
TRUE/FALSE
34. All bones formed by intramembranous ossification are irregular bones.
TRUE/FALSE
35. The trabeculae of spongy bone are oriented toward lines of stress.
TRUE/FALSE
